Analysis of grounding performance for different bio filler medium effect

The importance of grounding system is when any fault current due to the power system problem, or lightning, can allow that dangerous current passes through the earth. Although with current specification and standardization right now is sufficient, there is no harm to try to improve the performance of the grounding system continually. Thus, the primary purpose of this project is to design and develop a new ground rod prototype with new soil composition. This new soil composition is used bio-material which then will be used as a main material for the grounding medium. The grounding rod will have a two design which is based on the previous research data. There is no any major or significant change on the ground rod except the is of the small electrode at the bottom of this copper rod. The small electrode is designed into the position of horizontal and vertical and then combine with the small ground grid rod which can increase the current dispersion. The performances analysis for the grounding system was based on two main assessments which are the soil resistivity and ground rod resistance. The results show that the vertical ground rod is performing better compared to the horizontal ground rod in term of ground rod resistance. Besides, it shows the depth of the ground rod buried will affect the ground rod resistance significantly. As a conclusion, pineapple leaves filler shows better medium for enhancing the grounding system performance compared with coir filler due to lower lower grounding resistance. Copper sulfate was able to reduce the ground rod resistance value temporarily although for a short duration

Steelwork design guide using locally produced steel sections second edition

Aims principally at students who are following courses in steelwork design as well as at practicing professionals who are interested in the subject. The book consists of design calculations of building elements such as beams, columns, and connections, using locally produced steel sections. Step by step calculations in the design of these elements are presented here to assist civil engineering students and interested professionals alike. The design is based on BS 5950: Part1:1990 Structural use of steelwork in buildings using the dimensions and properties of hot-rolled steel sections produced locally by PERWAJA Steel Sdn. Bhd

The Role of Zakat in National Economic Transformation through Regional Economic Growth in South Sulawesi Province

This study aims to determine the contribution of Zakat to economic growth in South Sulawesi Province. The economy of South Sulawesi in the second quarter grew significantly by 7.66 percent, higher than the first quarter of 2021 which recorded a contraction of 0.21 percent. The economic recovery was mainly supported by domestic consumption, which rebounded in line with the increasing mobility of the people. The regional income of South Sulawesi Province was IDR 4.19 trillion, dominated by transfer income. Regional revenue and expenditure budget expenditures were realized at IDR 3.44 trillion in the second quarter of 2021 (31.28% of the 2021 ceiling). Lower than the second quarter of 2020 which reached 41.39%? Most of the budget absorption was realized for operational expenditures (58.79% share) and capital expenditures (25.34%). The business sector, transportation, warehousing, trade, and construction are the main contributors to economic improvement in South Sulawesi Province, which experienced growth during the national economic recovery period of 73.95 percent

Dispersion-engineered silicon nitride waveguides for mid-infrared supercontinuum generation covering the wavelength range 0.8-6.5 mu m

We numerically demonstrate the generation of a mid-infrared supercontinuum (SC) through the design of an on-chip complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) compatible 10-mm-long air-clad rectangular waveguide made using stoichiometric silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) as the core and MgF 2 glass as its lower cladding. The proposed waveguide is optimized for pumping in both the anomalous and all-normal dispersion regimes. A number of waveguide geometries are optimized for pumping at 1.55 μ m with ultrashort pulses of 50-fs duration and a peak power of 5 kW. By initially keeping the thickness constant at 0.8 μ m, four different structures are engineered with varying widths between 3 μ m and 6 μ m. The largest SC spectral evolution covering a region of 0.8 μ m to beyond 6.5 μ m could be realized by a waveguide geometry with a width of 3 μ m. Numerical analysis shows that increasing width beyond 3 μ m by fixing thickness at 0.8 μ m results in a reduction of the SC extension in the long wavelength side. However, the SC spectrum can be enhanced beyond 6.5 μ m by increasing the waveguide thickness beyond 0.9 μ m with the same peak power and pump source. To the best of our knowledge, this is first time report of a broad SC spectral evolution through numerical demonstration in the mid-infrared region by the silicon nitride waveguide. In the case of all-normal dispersion pumping, a flatter SC spectra can be predicted with the same power and pump pulse but with a reduced bandwidth spanning 950–2100 nm

Localizing Jihad, Globalizing Jimat: Banser and Jamaah Maiyah in a Global Village

During the last two decades, a dramatic transition from authoritarianism to a rapid process of democratization has been experienced by many different societies across the world. In Indonesia, reformasi 1998 has not only been followed by a massive transformation in many different dimensions but also the changing character of interdependently hybrid governance arrangements which lead to an ‘authoritarian turn’, particularly concerning about the visions of social harmony within a post-democratization context that is impacted by religious violent extremism. As such extremism is experienced daily in Indonesia and elsewhere in the world, while there is an absence of effective state interventions or at least the fact that state is no longer perceived as the principle referent for security, there has been an exceptional trend of what I call ‘ref-ormas-i'. It indicates how non-state actors, more specifically Ormas (mass organizations) is taking the shape of providing people’s basic needs, professing security, promoting inter-religious tolerance, and even campaigning nationalism in the local, national, and global communities. This phenomenon certainly raises a question of how the non-state actors organize their role ‘acting like a state’ in society to produce new forms of ‘imagined communities’. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in two different Indonesian urban settings in Surabaya and Yogyakarta, this paper focuses on elaborating the roles of two different moderate Islamic groups, Banser and Jamaah Maiyah, more specifically on the discourses they use and the empirical actions they perform in securing the local community, defending the national ideology, and idealizing the global harmony through different interpretation of jihad and different approach of engagement in the society, more specifically for responding wide-spread religious extremism

PENGEMBANGAN LKPD DENGAN LIVEWORSHEET BERBASIS DISCOVERY LEARNING MATERI TRANSFORMASI UNTUK SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA

Alternatif penggunaan perangkat pembelajaran berbasis teknologi untuk pembelajaran daring salah satunya adalah LKPD online dengan liveworksheet. LKPD online ini dikembangkan dengan tujuan agar lebih memudahkan dalam proses pembelajaran daring. Berdasarkan Praktek Pengajaran di Sekolah dan hasil wawancara diperoleh masalah mengenai kesulitan peserta didik dalam memahami konsep transformasi sehingga dengan pengembangan LKPD ini diharapkan dapat mengurangi masalah tersebut. Produk yang dikembangkan adalah LKPD dengan liveworksheet berbasis discovery learning dimana peserta didik yang lebih aktif untuk mengkonstruksi atau menemukan konsep matematika untuk dirinya sendiri. Hal ini dapat membuat pemahaman yang mereka dapatkan akan lebih mendalam. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menghasilkan LKPD dengan liveworksheet yang valid. Penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE (analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation) namun dengan sedikit modifikasi yaitu penelitian terbatas tahap development saja. Hasil uji kelayakan materi pada LKPD yang dikembangkan yaitu 83,97% memenuhi kriteria cukup valid dan hasil uji kelayakan media yang dikembangkan yaitu 81,67% memenuhi kriteria cukup valid. Dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa pengembangan LKPD dengan liveworksheet berbasis discovery learning pada Materi Transformasi untuk Sekolah Menengah Pertama merupakan LKPD yang valid